Murugan…Aryan or Dravidian Deity?
April 13, 2008 by Palaniappan Vairam
Tamil people take pride in naming Murugan a Tamil Kadavul. Their love for this particular deity is high and he is the most worshiped god in Tamil Nadu. His popularity is very high in south unlike north. The concept of Murugan as Tamil Kadavul is even expressed in latest film Billa in ‘Seval Kodi’ song.
Now let us make a small survey of names used to denote Murugan,
- Kandha (dervative of Sanskrit word Skanda)
- Subramaniyan(Sanskrit form Subhramanya)
- Saravana(One who is born in Sara Vana, where Vana means forest)
- Kumaran(which means younger one in Sanskrit)
- Shanmuha (one with six faces in Sanskrit)
- Karthikeya (also Sanskrit orgin)
As you see all the names is either Sanskrit or Sanskrit derivatives.
Let us now see his orgin, He is son of Shiva, Parvathi and brother of Ganesha.
So what are the elements which make him a real Tamil Kadavul?
What is the Myth as we know?
The basic Myth we know is as follows :
- Shiva created Murugan to kill Curan.
- He was born as six children and later integrated into one.
- He arrested Brahma and taught Veda to Shiva in Swamimalai.
- He fought for Gyana Palam and became an Aandi(saint) and stood on Palani hills.
- He received his Vel from Parvathi in Sirakali
- He destroyed Curan in Thiruchentur.
- He freed the Devas and in turn got married to Indra’s Daughter Theivanai in Thiruthani. Fell in love and married Valli in Palamudhirsolai
- Settled in Thriparankundram as Deity with two wives.
This myth is standard myth known to all Tamilians and explains the concept of Arupadai vedu(Concept of six sacred houses/Temples).
How does it differ from Northern Myth?
- The Atharva Veda describes Kumaran as ‘Agnibhuh’ or son of Agni, the fire god.
- The Satapatha Brahmana refers to him as the son of Rudra and the ninth form of Agni. Unbarable to bear handle the heat , the sisu was split into six and put in the Pond in Sara Vana (Saravana Poigai).
- He is brought up as six children and later in fight with Indra he was combined as one person with six heads.
- He lead the army of Gods(Devas) to defeat Taraka.
- He is an eternal Bachelor or he is married to Devasena, which means army of gods.
- His weapon was raging fire , since he was a form of Agni.
- He is eternally young god
- He has attributes of attributes of being a teacher (The Chandogya Upanishad refers to Skanda as the “way that leads to wisdom”)
- Myth of Skanda arresting Brahma also comes up.
Some important points to be noted here are:
- Skanda is not son of Shiva.
- He has no mother.
- He is an eternal bachelor.
- He doesn’t have a weapon called Vel.
- There is no mention of Valli.
What was the Early Tamil myth?
There is no structured myth in Tamil for Murugan, but from various Sangam sources and archeological evidence and by inference, Murugan had the following features and attributes:
- Eternal youth and beauty
- Prowess in hunt and fighting
- Prowess in love making (like Kama in Sanskrit)
- Ability to enter and possess human beings
- Red colour
- Vel as his main weapon
- Connection with animals like peacock, cock ,elephant and possibly goat and snake
- Slayer of enemy cur ,representing fear ,terror and anxiety
- Love for and union with Valli
- Son of Mother goddess Korravai.
So here you see Murugan has a mother and not a bachelor. He has lover Vali, the daughter of mountain chief with whom he makes sexual union. He is also god of love and victory.
How was he worshiped in Early Tamilnadu?
- He was believed to posses Katampu tree , hence the name Kadamban
- He also possessed young women.
- His priest was known as Velan.
- Murugan was believed to posses Velan and give blessings to people.
- He was worshiped by a form of Dance called Veriyatu.
- He was also god of mountainous region Kurunji.
- He was worshiped as slayer of evil and terror Cur, which later became Curan.
- He was also believed to be god of Love, and often quoted in Sangam literature for his interludes with Valli.
The Integration:
Integration of Dravidian Murugan and Aryan Skanda has taken place when Pallavas came to Tamil Nadu. The Brahmins have spearheaded this integration.
Some important points in the integrated form:
- The similar traits of both gods are eternal youth and destruction of evil.
- The Aryan god had a father but no mother and Dravidian god has mother but no father.
- The Dravidian mother Korravai was identified with Kali, Durga or Amman as early as Sangam age.
- Since Kali /Durga were identified with Parvati the consort of Shiva, Murugan was identified as son of Shiva.
- Taraka the asura in Aryan version was made brother of Surapadman(later name of Cur,Curan)
- The eternal bachelor who was married to Devasena(Army of god) was changed to God with two wife to accommodate Valli, which was very famous tradition among Tamil .
- Devasena was comfortably converted to Theivanai(Devayanai- Tamil myth says she was brought up by Ayiravatham the elephant of Indra – hence Deva yanai instead of Deva Sena or Deva Senai) a Brahmin girl and daughter of Indra.
- The myth also was made up to represent two kind of marriage, Kalavu – love marriage (a Tamil/Dravidian tradition- Valli and Murugan) and Karpu – arranged marriage (Brahmin tradition- Theivanai and Murugan).
- The fire weapon of North was replaced with Vel which is South Indian tradition.
- Murugan as a mountain god is still maintained with all his temples situated on or near mountains.
When does the current myth come into Tamil Nadu?
- The first textual evidence of Murugan as on of Shiva appears in Silapadikaram(4th Century AD).
- The whole myth was first explained in Thirumurgatrupadai by Nakkirar(7-9th Century AD)
- Final form of myth we know was written by Kasiappa Civasariyar in Kanthapuranam(14th Century AD)
- Even in Kanthapuranam , Palani was not mentioned and surrounding myth of Gyana Palam was not included.
- The standard Myth we know about Murugan was only written in 14 th century by Kasiappa Civacariyar a Brahmin priest at Kanchipuram.
How did the myth enter North India?
- The myth of Muruga as we know was first written in Sanksirt sources in Sivapurana.
- Sivapuranas were composed around 9-10th Century AD by Sanskrit scholars of south and it was heavily influenced by the Bakthi movement prevalent in south.
- Unlike south, the North Indian myth says that Karthikeya was elder to Ganesha.
- The popularity of Karthikeya is also not much in North India.
This is very brief essay to outline the process of Skanda – Muruga integration. There some evidences which has come up recently to indicate Murugan might be Pre Historic god and an inherited God of Tamil people rather than an indigenous deity. My next essay would be on his Pre Historic origins.
References:
- Tamil Traditions on Subrahmanya-Murugan by Kamil Zvelebil.
- Tiru Murugan by Kamil Zvelebil.
- Tamil Kandhapuranam by Kamil Zvelebil.
Palaniappan Vairam
Fantastic, stunning and enlightening…
I must commend you on the analysis and research done.
Good work keep it up!
nice analysis! tamil natta porutha varai mallaila irukara kovil ellam muruganukudaiyathu illaiya? tirupathi oru kalathilla nama tamil natla irunthathu! athuvum muthala murugan kovilaka irunthu pinpu matrapatathu endru padithen! i don’t remember the book name! what do u say about it?
I have not read in detail about it , but have heard about it. I cannot speculate on it. They Usually say Thircendur is permual kovil because its near sea…. and Thirupathi is Murugan koil because its on mountain. But we have very very early record that Thirucendur is a sacred place for Murugan (as early as 1BC to 1 AD). So Thirucendur is surely not a perumal koil as speculated.
But I have not read any thing about Thirupathi as of now….but there is a literature available…If I read it I can form an opinion about it. As of now my opinion is …it might be just a speculation.
SIlapadigaram says Thiruvenkadam is Perumal Koil.Silapadigaram is 4th century AD. So any early lit should be reviewed.
Appreciate the good work…
However rig veda is not the only sanskrit literature on muruga that can lead to think that the aryans did not regard him as the son of shiva… Kalidasa’s ‘kumara sambhavam’ which dates back to period before nakkeerar describes the birth of muruga, from drops of rudra’s semen, which were burning like raging fire and cooled on reaching the holy waters.
He is the son of shiva - parvati, but not born of parvati’s womb , instead only out of shiva….
Continuing on those lines, even ganesha was given life only through parvati and did not involve shiva… but that cannot lead us to think that he is not the son of shiva. Traditionally, it is believed that, those born out of womb are subject to the cycle of birth and death and hence gods aren’t born that way!
Yes, the legend of valli is something specific to dravidian traditions…
@ second and third comment-
I have not heard/read anything about any controversy on thiruchendur. However the controversy on tirupati is more deep rooted and can’t be attributed merely to it’s location on a hill.
Some facts-
1. On the four corners of the main sanctum, one sees lions facing upwards and guarding, which is not a feature of vaishnavaite traditions.
2. The shanka and chakra look as though standing on two separate rivets, which could have easily been attached to an existing idol. This is not the case generally with other idols like varadaraja of kanchipuram or shri vaikuntam.
3. Also, this could be likely, as the two hands attached to the idol also do not hold a lotus or a club (which is the general norm) and instead surprisingly one finds a ‘dhandam’ (a stick) besides it.
Muruga is just one of the options presented by the fathers of this theory. There is an equal likeliness of it being a shakti temple or even of some jain (samana madham) god, considering the religiously charged atmosphere during those times, and how one tradition tried to superimpose the other… I have also come across some surprising references about tirupati in relatively recent sanskrit literature (16-17 AD), which seem to affirm such controversies…
Wow every article were really interesting.Hey one more to add… I have see people saying that all Murugan temples will be in hills and Vishnu temple are not as it is said to highlight the Thirupathi issue… I know one Lakshmi Narasimham temple in sholingar which is on a small hill, but really dont know how old it is..
Also I read about Ramayana and Mahabaratha in some website as a story of a real king who lived 3000BC and 1900BC respectively and not the GOD myth as we all know by. I will try to post the web address of the article.
Bhaskaran.K.
1. Murugan was not married to Devasena. Devasenapati means lord of devar senai (i.e he was army general of devas). It doesnt mean he married an army!!!
2. Indra gifted him his elephant airavatham (source for change of name from devasena to deivayaanai in tamil)
3. You say that “The first textual evidence of Murugan as on of Shiva appears in Silapadikaram(4th Century AD)” and also “The myth of Muruga as we know was first written in Sanksirt sources in Sivapurana”. However Kalidasa the poet who lived between sometime during 2nd-3rd century AD, has written a big work called KumaaraSambhavam (”birth of Kumaran”
as child of Siva and Parvati. Kumaarasambhavam is a very famous book. How did you miss this?
4. The aarupadaiveedu in TN (”six army houses” or “six barracks”
belonging to him, confirms his role as army general of devas.
5. You say “His priest was known as Velan”. This is wrong. Velan means “he who has the Vel aayudham”.
6. You say that “There is no mention of Valli”. Valli will not be mentioned in early literature since this story of marriage with valli is traceable only to TN. Valli was supposed to be a hill tribal girl or kurathi from TN (Western Ghats region).
1.If you see sanskrit literature …which i am sure you have not gone through…the original sanskrit Skanda purana….Skanda is married to Devasena. But other epics(skanda purana is not the only source of this epic…there are various different versions in ramayana ….mahabratha) so early Sanskrit literature …he was either married to women Deva sena or a bachelor in literal sense married to Deva sena(the army of god)
I can quote 4 books for your reference….three as in my article on more book which extensively surveys sanskrit literature….
The many faces of Murukan_ : the history and meaning of a South Indian god / Clothey, Fred W.
2. Again you are wrong…… the myth is Deviyanai and Valli were daughters of Thirumal on previous birth, Deviyani is born as daughter of Indra in this birth and brought up by Airavatham his elephant hence the name deviyanai
3.Yes what I have said is right…KumaraShambava is about the myth of Kumara or Skanda…who then had no correlation with Murugan who was sung by Tamil poets….Hence Silapadikaram was the first literature to have Muruga(After integration with Skanda) as son of Shiva….Again sanskrit sources with the myth we know as of now Valli,Devasena ,Murugan,Surapadman and tharaka was only written in sivapuranas during 10th century
4.Arupadai veedu is a concept of very very late orgin, probably after 15th century….till 9th century there is no shrine with statue of Murugan with Valli or Deviyanai…he is always alone as statue….only one statue ofPallava temple has Murgan with only one bride….and there is a conflict whether it is valli or Deviyanai…in sangam literature except for Thirucentur and Thiruparankundram , there is no mention of any other temples as Murugans sacred places….even in Kandapuram of Kasiappa Ciasariyar there is no mention of Palani. So taking Arupadaiveedu as proof is not valid.
5.This clearly show u have never heard about Snagam literature…See my blog on love sickness….I have quoted around 4 poems which clearly show Velan was the priest of Murugan and not Murugan himself…..
6.Again you are wrong, Valli can be traced in Srilankan religions…not the Tamils in Srilanka but the Sinhalese in Srilanka. Sinhalese have a god Kathirgama who is identified with Muruga and Similarly a tribe gal is in love with Kathirgama and marries him. This shows that the myth of Murugan and Valli was famous very long ago and as early as 4 or 3 BC.Since Sinhalese are Aryans who travelled from north to Srilanka around 5th BC.
@Palaniappan Vairam
You have to get your facts right on kumara sambhavam… it is an epic that i filled with loads of references to the demons skanda slayed, the cause for his incarnation, etc. It is absurd to argue that he is different from the deity sung by tamil poets
First people who quote Kumara Sambhava should be aware that only first 8 Cantos of it was written by Kalidasa and last eight, most scholars agree is later work by some other person
The first eight cantos contain only till parvati and shiva make love play….Skanda is not yet born….
V Ragavan dates the last 8 Cantos be written only in 6th century….
And as far as Kalidas is dated some where between 3 AD to 4th century….
Sangam is dated between 1BC to 3 AD….
Kumara sambhava is later work compared to most of Sangam literature….
And by all means if any person has read sangam literature….he would surely accept that Description of murgan is no way similar to descriptions of Skanda in northern Literature….
There are so many literatures specific to Murugan as in Sangam literature….if any one is really interested….I can mail you the books….
Yes, he is correct, his analysis is also correct. While coming from north to south Aryans unable to invade in to south. South was having strongly with Murugan in hills , Amman, and pillaiyaar in plains. So the brahmins who came for aiyar boojari business, they were unable to enter into Tamilnadu. They divided and created languages mixing sanskrit. Thats how telugu , Kannada created. Latest is Malayalam. Only place they were unable to enter into was the large Tamil areas. They used this trick. Lord muruga is the younger son of Shiva (Hindu equivalent of Karthikeya), Pillaiyaar is the elder son of shiva (Hindu equivalent of ganesha). They told Muruga is having two wifes , equivalling to our Valli and Deivanai. Pillaiyaar is unmarried. But in north it is different , Karthikeya is elder, unmarried, no unmarried girl will worship karthikeya. ganesha younger, having two wives!!!. Aryans defrauded Tamils. Lord murugan is not son of shiva, not karthikeya, not killed any sooran or anybody, Lord pillaiyaar is not son of Shiva, norhing to do with Lord murugan , not brother of lord murugan. He is not Lord ganesha. Amman is not Shakthi or wife of Shiva. Look to your grand father names ,All our original names are tamil, when we enter in to temples they gave us sanskrit names. In the temple business battle tamils, we lost our originality, god and everything. we donot have even a single holiday for our god muruga’s festival. All we celebrate are the festivals who have cheated us……
They were unable to defeat tamils, so they called tamils as arakkans. Soorapanman , ravanan,narakasuran all are tamil kings who ruled this state. Just because they were unable to enter their gods into this state they made all gimmicks. Now we worship the people who defeated us. But actually who tried to protect us we are calling them as arakkans. Tamils ruled ceylon and yes ravana was defeated by ram. The vanara padai (monkeys army) they noted were north indians . Thats how the sanskrit based sinhalese linguistic people entered into ceylon.
English and aryans are having similarities. From middle asia because of natural calamities aryans shifted towards east, Europeans moved towards west and remaining arabians. Maththiya asiavil irunthu mani adikka vanthavarkale aiyarkal.All over the world light skinned people ruled dark skinned people, as per english theory. ( http://www.hindunet.org/hindu_history/ancient/aryan/aryan_frawley_1.html )
Indus valley civilisation belonged to Dravidians and just of not knowing horse, iron etc., dravidians were defeated by aryans. Aryans pushed dravidians towards south. ( http://adaniel.tripod.com/aryans.htm ). Indus valley people worshipped nature. Still Tamils worship nature praising festivals only. Our Pongal, Aadi perukku are some of the examples for nature worship. We , Tamils not having any festival which celebrates others death. But unfortunately to celebrate death (Narakasuras death) we are having a holiday but aadi perukku we are not having any holiday.
We speak all teh time about Thamil kadavul Murugan, we do not have even a single holiday for our lord.
We should have. We have to find our one best day for Lord Murugan, Lord Pillaiyaar and Lord Amman. Let us find out a day and have a holiday different from north Indians.
We all belongs to Tamil Religion where our gods are Murugan, Pillaiyaar, Amman, Ayyanar, Karupparayan, kannimaar, Annamaar etc.,.
These gods are nothing do to with north indian gods.
Valzhka Murugan. Valarga Murugan pukazh.
Now, it is worthwhile noticing that both of these are actually myths.
There exists a third story, which is as per all believable evidence the real one.
‘Vedic Hinduism’ has a History of assimilating local deities like Virumandi, Maduraiveerasamy, Sudalaimadasami, etc.
Murugan, apparently, is one such village chieftain who was later ‘deified’, meaning made into a god.
The EXACT story matches with the deity Kande Yakka, who was the village chieftain of Kataragama, more popularly known as Kadirgamam, in SL.
Murugan/Kande Yakka were valiant chieftains who later married a local tribal girl called Valli. Vallimalai in Vellor District provides very good evidence of this.
Virumandi in Theni district is worshipped as Viruman or Brahman. Maduraiveerasamy is another example, Kallazhagar is again a local chieftain…………most famously Ayyappan.
Ayyappan is STILL worshipped by some tribal communities in Kerala, who wear white-and-white and NOT Kavi, they worship him as Kaval dheiyvam and do not believe in the Siva-Vishnu son baloney.
My point is, both of these versions presented are to be appreciated, however based on Pagan folklore and the rest, the pieces do not fit. Murugan/Kande Yakka was indeed a village chieftsain who was later assimilated. The rest of the Shanmughan, etc……….were foisted on this new found man, whose name might not even be Murugan.
you can read my history of Murugan essay…
which goes into much details on possible orgins of Murugan
List of chieftains, in accordance with Tamil beliefs of honoring their dead, which were hijacked by Vedic Hinduism:
Murugan became Siva’s son
Thirumal became Srinivasan
Virumandi became Brahman
Maduraiveeran became Vishnu (some versions)
Sudalaimadasamy became Sivan
Ayyappan became the son of Siva-Vishnu (total BS)
Chinna/Periya Karuppannan became Jayan/Vijayan
Kallazhagar/Azhagar became Vishnu
The list is endless………….
Your point that it takes ‘ages’ is absurd, it did take ages, they did not become ‘gods’ overnight.
Murugan integration is the most clear, but even now it is important to note that hardly 5-10% of the actual man who was Murugan exists, his story, etc.
Thirumal, Azhagar are all folklores which have disappeared.
Virumandi is worshipped as Brahman in Nallammanayakanur, and the folklore was lost, but it becomes evident in the movie Virumandi in the song Karumathur Kattukulley.
With the help of brahmin poojaris Shiva , Vishnu and like Branhmin gods entered into temples of cities first. They have changed the Tamil temples into Brahmin temples. Tamil gods kept aside. Then it would have taken long time to enter into villages. First in cities they have changed the Tamil names in to sanskrit names as the naming ceremony takes place mostly in temples. The Tamils who left long long ago are worshipping lord muruka, Pillaiyaar, Amman etc and not worshipping gods with stories like shiva, vishnu etc. This is evident from Tamils in Malaysia , Singapore, Indonesia, Burma,Mauritious,south Africa etc.,. Because those who left from villages were not knowing about shiva, vishnu etc.,. slowly slowly we were converted into Aryans Hinduism. But to whatever level you convert into Aryan Hinduism they will not accept you as brahmins. This conversion process you can see this in your own eyes. When a Hindu convert into Christianity in the beginning they worship Some hindu gods also, they will be having some attachment to hinduism. In the change process second generation and furthergeneration people will be viewed differently by orginal christian . We are living in shadow, we donot know our own values and we are with austirity following hindu gods other than original tamil gods. As we are not worshipping our tamil gods we can say Tamils were converted in to hinduism just like how people are converted in to christianity or Islam.
change of a man in to God is very clear from this :
MGR is made as god. Mahatma Gandhi is a God. What about Kushboo?. We worship best performers. All these are having temples in Tamilnadu. Assume there is no communication and technology then after 500 years, All these people will be God List. That’s why christianity and Islam restricted number of Gods.
True, even social reformers and freedom fighters have become gods.
Aurobindo Ghosh, who was a freedom fighter and a ‘terrorist’ during the British times fled British India and came to French Pondicherry and later got engrossed in spiritualism. Mother Mira Alfassa was similar, except that she was Polish.
Now both of them are worshipped as gods……….
To try to know about Murugan from discussions about his “dravidian/aryan” origin would be pointless. since the aryan invasion theory is itself disputable, it makes no logical sense to ascertain the “ethnicity” of murugan…
like many other myths, the versions differ according to region..
yet the tamil kanda puranam is a portion of the skanda purana..said that Murugan himself had revealed to kachiappar (16 century BCE) the portion of His history…
Murugan, whether as the tribal hill god, or the vedic Skanda, or the consort of Valli, is One and One only…
It is ridiculous to think of wheter the god i worship is a “pure tamil god” or some aryan import..i dun believe in racism even towards man, what about gods? if really the present murugan is declared as an “aryan”, how will it matter to a devotee?
Such discussions are really of no religious value whatsoever…it is really a stage for reviving the old ” i hate aryan campaign, which is outdated, irrelevant to modern life and nothing more that bigotry int the guise ethnic pride.
@janar
I would like to make certain clarifications,
1.I accept Aryan invasion theory is not true, that actually means the people of Indus valley were not chased away by the aryans, but rather they had insufficient resources in Indus valley hence they relocated.
2. The whole essay speaks of Aryan and Dravidian as a language group and not as an ethinic group. So the essay speaks about the Tamil elements and the Sanskiritic elements in simple terms.
3. Any person who has interest in sangam literature would go into this discussion since Murugan in Tamil sangam literature is totally different from what we know of him today
4. This is just history and analysis of written records, I am not questioning the faith of any devotee.
5. This essay truly dosent has any relegious value, rather it looks into roots of beliefs and history behind various myths.
6. All over my blog I treat Aryan and Dravidian as language groups. There is also one more language group in India namely Munda.
And one small correction too…in Kandapuranam by Kasiappa Sivacariyar, he himself in chapter confessed that he has know many myths of Muruga and he has writtena myth which he believes to be correct. He also mentions he writes the verses and keeps it before the lord every night and next morning his verses were corrected of mistakes by the lord.
Kirupanantha Variyar has commented that Kasiapacivasariyar has used a legend which could best describe the philosophy of Saiva Siddhantha.
I have a critical analysis of Kandapuranam of Kasiappa Civasariyar with me. If you wish to read I can pass it on to you.
@ Palaniappan Vairam
Whatever you are telling is acceptable except No. 1 & 4.
Aryans came from outside India just like Christians and Muslims. Most of the historians accepted the fact that aryans came from outside india.
Aryans are different from Dravidians and they are not in the same linguistic group also. White Aryans belongs to European linguistic group and Black Dravidians belongs to indo dravidian linguistic group. Both are from different race.
We cannot accept all such stories just like that. No devotee accept muruka as son of shiva if he read pre sangam literatures. We believe only in Muruka, Pillaiyaar and amman who are not aryan gods.
You read tamil literatures one by one from the past in chronological order then you will come to know when tamil was sanskritised and aryan gods were pushed into tamilnadu.
Kudos to Palaniappan Vairam in his efforts to identify our ethnic group in a better way.
Interesting article and more interesting discussions.
The greatness, as well as the problem in India/Hinduism, is that we have been open and influenced by various doctrines/myths/influences both internally. Its completely ok in India to believe in a married Murugan or a bachelor.. as son of Siva or not.. as a small village hero who was deified or a true son of god. Whereas, look at the reaction to Dan Brown’s theory that Jesus was married to Mary Magdalene!
The whole confluence of Aryans/Dravidians, what ideas were Aryan vs Dravidian, who influenced whom is complex. In addition, there is still a lot of speculation around Mayan/Persian invasion of North India. I read that Aryans never had any god other than nature (similar to Greek thought) and absorbed Rudra/Siva, Sakthi worship from Dravidians.
The following article also analyses the impact of Greek trade on Muruga workship… it claims a strong similarity between the Greek god Dionysius and Muruga.. very interesting theory.
http://www.kataragama.org/research/dionysus.htm
More research on Murugan
http://www.murugan.org/research/index.htm
Thanks, Vairam
Murugan is my favourite God and I was looking for English articles about him when I came across this enlightening and interesting article. The discussions were an eyeopener too. Looking forward to your next article.
Tks
Thila
All gods which are not having a relationship to tamil are having one holidays. But our motherly god murugan is not having even a single holiday. Let our politicians understand our feelings and give atleast thaipoosam as a holiday.
I wish to ask Vairam one question :
In Murugan how the letter G came instead of K? (I feel it should be murukan).
Please give your views with best analysis.
Murgan means beauty,sweetness etc. where as Murukan means deadly terrror etc.
When the aryans settled south they brought in their conception of God should be beautiful and devils hould be ugly…
hence there seems to be a change of K to G….